How Do Door Sensors Handle Obstruction Detection?

Automatic doors are designed to provide seamless, safe, and efficient entry for pedestrians and vehicles. A crucial part of this functionality is obstruction detection—the ability to sense and respond when something is blocking the door’s path. This safety feature protects users, prevents equipment damage, and ensures compliance with industry regulations.

1. Understanding Obstruction Detection

Obstruction detection is the process by which a door sensor identifies an object, person, or vehicle in its opening or closing path. Once detected, the system can delay movement, stop, or reverse the door to avoid contact.

In most automatic doors—whether sliding, swing, or revolving—this is achieved using a combination of motion detection and presence detection technologies.

2. Common Technologies Used

Infrared Presence Sensors

Emit invisible infrared beams that form a detection zone near the door’s path.

If an object interrupts these beams, the sensor signals the controller to stop or reverse the door.

Common in pedestrian sliding and swing doors.

Microwave Motion Sensors

Use Doppler radar technology to detect movement toward or away from the door.

Often paired with presence sensors to provide both activation and obstruction safety.

Safety Light Curtains

Consist of multiple infrared beams arranged vertically across the door opening.

Any beam interruption indicates an obstruction, ensuring even small objects are detected.

Pressure-Sensitive Safety Edges

Installed on the door’s leading edge.

Detect physical contact with an obstacle and trigger an immediate stop or reversal.

Often used in industrial or heavy-duty doors.

3. How the System Responds to Obstructions

When an obstruction is detected, the door control system can respond in several ways:

Stop Movement – Halts door motion immediately to prevent impact.

Reverse Direction – Moves the door back to a fully open position.

Hold Open – Keeps the door open until the obstruction is cleared.

These responses are usually programmable to match the application’s safety requirements.

4. Safety Standards and Compliance

In many regions, automatic doors must comply with standards such as EN 16005 (Europe) or ANSI/BHMA A156.10 (North America), which define how obstruction detection should operate. Compliance not only ensures user safety but also helps avoid legal and insurance issues.

5. Why Reliable Obstruction Detection Matters

User Safety: Prevents injuries to pedestrians, especially children, the elderly, or people with disabilities.

Asset Protection: Avoids damage to doors, vehicles, or transported goods.

Operational Efficiency: Reduces downtime and maintenance costs.

Regulatory Compliance: Meets required safety certifications for commercial and industrial installations.

Conclusion

Obstruction detection is a vital feature of any modern automatic door system. By using advanced sensors—such as infrared presence detectors, light curtains, and safety edges—door systems can react instantly to potential hazards. Choosing a high-quality sensor solution ensures smooth operation, enhanced safety, and long-term reliability.

If you’re looking for reliable, standards-compliant door sensors for your project, our company offers a full range of infrared, microwave, and hybrid detection systems designed for both safety and efficiency. Contact us today to discuss the right solution for your application.

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