What Safety Zone Distance Is Recommended for Infrared Sensors?

Infrared (IR) sensors are widely used in applications such as automatic doors, industrial machinery, and security systems to detect movement, presence, or obstacles. One of the most critical aspects of safe and efficient IR sensor installation is determining the correct safety zone distance — the area within which the sensor can detect an object or person and trigger the intended action.

Why Safety Zone Distance Matters

The safety zone distance ensures that the sensor detects an approaching object or person in time to prevent accidents or malfunctions.
If the distance is too short, the system may not have enough reaction time, potentially causing collisions or safety hazards.
If it is too long, the system might be triggered unnecessarily, leading to operational inefficiencies.

Recommended Safety Zone Distances

The recommended distance depends on the application, sensor type, and operational environment:

Automatic Doors (Pedestrian Use)

Typical Distance: 30–50 cm (12–20 inches) from the door edge

Purpose: Ensures doors open early enough for a smooth approach without unnecessary triggering from distant passersby.

Industrial or Commercial Doors

Typical Distance: 50–100 cm (20–40 inches) from the moving panel

Purpose: Provides extra detection range for forklifts, carts, or heavy equipment where stopping distances are longer.

Machine Safety Applications

Typical Distance: Defined by ISO/EN safety standards (often 200–500 mm based on reaction times and hazard levels).

Purpose: Prevents operators from reaching dangerous moving parts before the machine can stop.

Security and Perimeter Detection

Typical Distance: Varies widely, often 1–3 meters depending on desired coverage and detection sensitivity.

Factors Affecting the Correct Distance

Sensor Type: Active infrared sensors can detect at greater distances than passive types.

Mounting Height and Angle: Adjusting the angle can extend or reduce the detection zone.

Environmental Conditions: Dust, lighting changes, or temperature differences can influence detection performance.

Object Speed: Faster-moving objects require a longer safety zone for timely system response.

Best Practices for Installation

Follow the manufacturer’s recommended settings for your specific sensor model.

Conduct on-site testing to adjust the detection zone based on real-world traffic flow.

Ensure compliance with local safety regulations and industry standards.

Regularly maintain and clean the sensors to prevent reduced sensitivity over time.

Conclusion
The ideal safety zone distance for infrared sensors is not one-size-fits-all — it must be determined based on application requirements, equipment speed, and environmental factors. By setting the correct distance, you enhance both operational efficiency and safety. Always combine manufacturer guidelines with practical testing to ensure optimal performance.

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